Category Archives: Meteorology

Science: Canadian Wildfires Smoke Out Large Sections of North America

This past month a number of major fires have broken out in Alberta, Canada; these fires have grown to become among the largest wildfires ever observed in North America. The smoke from the fires is causing severe health crises in Edmonton, Alberta and in every location downwind of these fires, from Montana all the way to the east coast of the US and out into the Atlantic Ocean. If these streams of smoke haven’t already reached the coast of Europe and North Africa by now, they will by the end of this week.

Here in Chicago we were made aware of this awesome phenomenon over this past week due ironically to our attempts to observe the awful results of one of multi-billionaire Elon Musk’s vanity projects: the initial deployment of 60 highly-reflective communications satellites of a proposed 12,000 satellite network called #Starlink.

Initially we noticed unusually hazy skies as we attempted to observe Musk’s recently launched #SpaceX #Starlink satellite “train” that has aroused the anger of ourselves and professional and amateur astronomers all over the world. This is what the initial #Starlink launch of 60 satellites looked like before the smoke from the Alberta wildfires made observation of them all but impossible in the eastern 2/3rds of North America:

If we continue to allow billionaires to launch vanity projects like this for-profit-for-military-use-only 12,000-satellite #Starlink boondoggle, pretty soon no one on Earth will be able to enjoy a night under the stars without seeing the endless distractions of literally hundreds of satellites passing overhead every hour. Look at how badly a mere 60 of a planned 12,000 #Starlink satellites interfered with a simple observation of Mars:

So we set out to observe how bad the #Starlink satellites would interfere with astronomical observations over Chicago, completely unaware of the vast column of smoke from the Alberta wildfires that had been blown across North America and were concentrated right over Chicago on the night of May 30/31. Looking up into a cloudless sky that night we could only see Mars clearly; major constellations like Cassiopeia and Ursa Major were completely unidentifiable even with binoculars! The entire sky had a milky appearance that looked like fog; but when we tried to use binoculars to identify major northern constellations like Cassiopeia or Ursa Major we could clearly see only a handful of the brightest stars. Fog this was not. Nor was this phenomenon  caused by clouds. We initially attributed it to an unusually heavy form of the usual haze that forms over major cities like Chicago thanks to car and truck exhaust and which is then illuminated by the horrible lighting systems in major US cities that stream light up into the sky instead of down on the ground where it’s needed.

Smoke from the wildfires in Alberta (upper left corner of red circled area) were already seriously impacting states and cities far southeast of that Canadian province by 31 May 2019. Grey area encircled shows the extent and density of the smoke; Chicago is the red dot in center of circled area. Source: NOAA.gov Enhancement by IWPCHI

When we were unable to even see Cassiopeia or Ursa Major on a clear, moonless night we knew something else was happening. The milky white appearance of the midnight and even post-midnight sky when satellite imagery showed little if any cloud cover over Chicago led us to search for the cause. We soon found out about the Alberta fires.

These photos taken from Des Plaines, IL show how profoundly the smoke from these fires in Alberta have been impacting the Chicago area.

Barely visible jet contrail over Des Plaines, IL_dusk, 31May2019. Photo by IWPCHI

31may2019 Clear sky over Des Plaines, IL looks cloudy due to smoke from Alberta, CA wildfires. Photo by IWPCHI

Sunset as viewed from Des Plaines, IL 31may2019 The only clouds were over far NW IL at least 85 miles away when this photo was taken. Photo by IWPCHI

Smoke density analysis by NOAA 31may2019_selection is right over Chicago, IL

Tonight, June 1st I observed one of the most astounding phenomena I’ve ever seen: a rainstorm was passing over Des Plaines heading north as the sun was setting in the west and coming out from behind a cloud bank 25-30 degrees above the horizon – a perfect setting for a rainbow in the east. But there was no rainbow because due to the intense scattering of light from the Sun caused by the heavy smoke over the Chicago area, even though there were no clouds obstructing the sunshine the diffusion of the sunlight prevented even a partial rainbow from forming! The shadows cast by the direct sunlight through very light rain showers reminded me of the kind of light given off by the Sun during an annular eclipse.

Direct sunlight so weakened by dense smoke from Alberta wildfires it can barely cast shadows and can’t create rainbow under optimal conditions_1 Photo by IWPCHI

1 June 2019, Des Plaines IL – Direct sunlight unable to cast sharp shadow on wall due to dense smoke from Alberta, Canada wildfires. Photo by IWPCHI

At the present time it is impossible to even observe the night sky over Chicago because of the dense smoke from the wildfires in Alberta, Canada – approximately 1800 miles away! That’s a huge fire!

We won’t be able to make an observation of Elon Musk’s Starlink vanity project until these wildfires are extinguished and the smoke clears out of our skies. In our estimation, it will be at least a week to two weeks before this occurs.

—IWPCHI

 

US Government Panics, Wall St. Shuts Down, Capitalist News Media Freaks Out Over Category 1 Hurricane

The onslaught of governmental panic and capitalist news media frenzy over a strong tropical cyclone which barely makes the cut as a category one hurricane continues unabated.  The vast depths of scientific illiteracy in the United States even at the highest levels of government, coupled with deliberate panic-mongering by a capitalist press that is struggling to survive financially and is nakedly using the storm to make money by scaring the bejeezus out of a hundred million people on the east coast – is something to behold.  They’ve been so effective at scaring the crap out of everyone that even the greedy swine on Wall St. essentially canceled trading for a whole day, and maybe even for the next two days!  Normally, it takes something big to keep those pigs’ mouths out of the trough.  And the storm isn’t even going to come ashore anywhere near New York City!

“Tone turns ominous at the Weather Channel” was the headline of a hilarious (intentionally?) Associated Press report by one of their television reviewers, David Bauder.   He reported that on Sunday, the Weather Channel had already been doing ’round-the-clock features on the hurricane for three solid days; not surprisingly, the Weather Channel’s own special computer forecasts of the storm showed it to be gaining more strength over time, in contradiction to the much slower pace of storm development reported by the National Weather Service (who were themselves overhyping the severity of the storm).

From Bauder’s article: “‘We want you to know we are not hyping this storm, OK?’ on-air meteorologist Vivian Brown said. ‘We don’t do that at The Weather Channel…’ ” !  Riiiiiiiiiight!

Bauder also relates that on Sunday the Weather Channel’s on-air and behind-the-scenes mediarologists – perhaps due to lack of sleep – were just plain losing it: “Bryan Norcross, the network’s senior hurricane specialist [our emphasis, lol! – IWPCHI], explained in an interview that the network tries to keep its tone serious yet urgent. The network’s computer models have been consistent in their forecasts of the storm and it has been acting as anticipated, perhaps with even more strength.

” ‘Our goal has been to get people to appreciate the magnitude of the storm and try to prove to them that, based on everything we know, that this is going to be a system that is outside of their experience,’ Norcross said.

Wow!  So this hurricane is going to be the worst hurricane anyone’s ever even heard of – a “frankenstorm” of unprecedented severity!  Bigger than even any of the other hurricanes that we’ve all come to learn about from the Weather Channel’s very own documentaries on previous killer hurricanes, then?  Bigger than the Galveston hurricane of 1900, a category 4 storm that killed 8000 people?  Bigger than the 1928 Florida hurricane, also a category 4 storm,  that killed 2500 people?  Bigger than Katrina, which was a category 3 and killed 1200 people?  Knock it off, Weather Channel!  You’re not just hyping the storm for cold, hard cash. you’re doing it so brazenly and outrageously that some of your directors and owners should be arrested for panic-mongering!  In fact, out of the 30 largest and most deadly hurricanes to ever hit the US mainland, only 2 were category 1 hurricanes.  [Source: “Deadliest U.S. Hurricanes of All Time“, Weather Underground website]

This nonsense being spewed by the Weather Channel – for absolutely no other reason other than to make themselves huge piles of money – is causing an even greater disruption of U.S. domestic life than the famous 1938 Orson Welles radio dramatization of H.G. Wells’ “War of the Worlds”:

“As it listened to this simulation of a news broadcast, created with voice acting and sound effects, a portion of the audience concluded that it was hearing an actual news account of an invasion from Mars. People packed the roads, hid in cellars, loaded guns, even wrapped their heads in wet towels as protection from Martian poison gas, in an attempt to defend themselves against aliens, oblivious to the fact that they were acting out the role of the panic-stricken public that actually belonged in a radio play. Not unlike Stanislaw Lem’s deluded populace, people were stuck in a kind of virtual world in which fiction was confused for fact.”

That’s good!  Tell us more!

“In a prescient column, in the New York Tribune, Dorothy Thompson foresaw that the broadcast revealed the way politicians could use the power of mass communications to create theatrical illusions, to manipulate the public.

” ‘All unwittingly, Mr. Orson Welles and the Mercury Theater of the Air have made one of the most fascinating and important demonstrations of all time,’ she wrote. ‘They have proved that a few effective voices, accompanied by sound effects, can convince masses of people of a totally unreasonable, completely fantastic proposition as to create a nation-wide panic.

” ‘They have demonstrated more potently than any argument, demonstrated beyond a question of a doubt, the appalling dangers and enormous effectiveness of popular and theatrical demagoguery….’ ” [Source: Transparency at transparencynow.com by Ken Sanes: “War of the Worlds, Orson Welles And The Invasion From Mars”]

The Associated Press article says that, after seeing the Weather Channel’s on-air staff hyperventilating over what they were essentially calling the storm of, not just the century, but of all human experience ever (“the Weather Channel sent a message via Twitter calling it ‘an extraordinary storm, an extremely serious threat’ and urged followers to re-tweet it. The storm ‘will occupy a place in the annals of weather history as one of the most extraordinary to have affected the United States’ the network tweeted”),  a staffer at Business Insider tweeted: ” ‘WHOA. The Weather Channel meteorologist just completely freaked out.’ “!

The capitalist politicians – those twin shills for Wall Street scumbaggery, Barack Obama and Mormon Bishop Mitt Romney – both threw some gasoline on the fire, cancelling their scheduled election campaign appearances so that they could focus their full attention on posturing in a competition to see who “looks more ‘presidential'” in the face of a major national [non-] emergency.

Today, we watched as far outlying clouds from the northwestern edge of this very large storm slowly moved across the sky in northern Illinois.

Chicago enjoys a beautiful sunset courtesy of outlying clouds from western ‘arm’ of ‘Hurricane’ Sandy, 29 October, 2012. Credit: IWPCHI

It’s a big storm, but its extent really isn’t any greater than any of the big weather systems that routinely cross the continental US.  We just had a couple of those large, comma-shaped low-pressure systems that crossed the country in the past few weeks; the rain front in those storms was hundreds of miles across, just like this one.  It’s not at all unusual to have major anticyclonic storms crossing the continental U.S. that extend from Canada to the Gulf of Mexico.  Sandy is a big, slightly unusual category one hurricane, period.  Nothing more or less.  If it kills anyone at all in the US, it will likely be people who try to cross flooded streams in their cars, people killed by falling trees or who step on downed electrical wires and those folks, like we said yesterday, who are dumb enough to frolic in front of the big waves at the seashore and who get clobbered by a rogue 20-foot wave and dragged out to sea.

We spent a couple of hours looking at what we believe are some of the most compelling and factual reports on the storm, which come not from highly-paid entertainers on the profit-at-any-cost Weather Channel, or from the feckless, vicious and scientifically illiterate, bought-and-paid-for US bourgeois political class, but from non-humans, not subject to hysteria or greed: the hundreds of weather buoys moored along the east coast of the United States, which anyone can monitor using the National Data Buoy Center website.  Here’s what we found, as of this afternoon (Monday, October 29):

The National Data Buoy Center was reporting as of 2007 GMT (2:07PM Chicago time) that, out of  614 buoy observations taken over the previous 3 hours from buoys located within 150 English nautical miles of the center of Hurricane Sandy (that is, those ocean buoys closest to the storm), the highest sustained winds observed were:

46.6 knots (53.63 MPH) with gusts as high as 58.3 knots (67.1mph) from 50 degrees (ENE) with wave heights of 28.9 feet at buoy Station 44025 (LLNR 830) 30 NM South of Islip, NY off Long Island, NY.  The anemometer height of this buoy is 5 meters above sea level. Buoy at 1900 hours was approx. 117 miles from the storm center.

(http://www.ndbc.noaa.gov/station_page.php?station=44025);

48.6 knots (55.93 MPH) with wind gusts as high as 64.1 knots  (73.76 mph) from 50 degrees (ENE) at buoy Station 44025 (LLNR 830) – (same buoy);

Highest reported wind gusts from these same 600 or so observations made in the previous 3 hours (as of 20:07 GMT, or 2 PM Chicago time) were:

62.0 knots (71.35 MPH) reported at Station ROBN4 – 8530973

(http://www.ndbc.noaa.gov/station_page.php?station=ROBN4) located at Robins Reef, NJ, 149 NM from the center of the storm;

66.0 knots (75.95 mph) also at ROBN4.

This is to be compared with the National Hysteria [Hurricane] Center’s reported observations of winds as high as 90 MPH reported from Coast Guard airplane flights across the eye of the storm.  Those observations, obviously, are taken at higher altitudes and include observations in the actual center of the storm where the winds are the highest.  Ground-level observations as close as 75 miles from Sandy’s eye are not indicating that winds are anywhere near hurricane force once you get outside the immediate center of the storm.

The closest buoy to the storm, Buoy Station 44009 (LLNR168) located in Delaware Bay, 26 NM southeast of Cape May, NJ, [http://www.ndbc.noaa.gov/station_page.php?station=44009] which is only 76 NM from the center of the storm reported (1900 hrs GMT) sustained winds of just 44.7 knots (51.44 mph) and gusts of 58.3 knots (67.1 mph) with wave heights of 17.4 feet.
[Sources: as listed, including the National Data Buoy Center (http://www.ndbc.noaa.gov/) and an online “knots to miles per hour” calculator at  http://www.calculateme.com/Speed/Knots/ToMilesperHour.htm%5D

So, none of the data buoys have yet reported sustained winds of hurricane force – that is, around 74 miles per hour or greater.  This is because, first, they are not at several thousand feet above sea level but are just a few meters above sea level; and they are not in the actual eye of the storm, where the hurricane force winds will and do exist.  This area is just some tens of miles across in diameter and will rapidly lose power the minute it hits land, which will be somewhere along the Delaware/Maryland or southern New Jersey coast this evening.  Look at the latest graphic illustrating the wind speed probabilities and likely locations of the highest winds of Tropical Storm Sandy  issued by the National Weather Service:

Hurricane Wind Speed Probabilities chart for ‘Hurricane’ Sandy. Only the area in red and purple will see actual hurricane force winds of around 75 miles per hour, with wind gusts somewhat higher. Lighter orange, yellow and green-colored areas have a 50% or less chance of seeing hurricane force winds.  Credit: NOAA/National Weather Service, National Hurricane Center

As you can see from this graphic, the area of landfall that Sandy will impact most severely is relatively small and will not include New York City or Philadelphia and will – sadly – only barely scrape Washington, D.C.   Also, the inland areas affected by the highest sustained winds will not extend beyond the boundaries of Delaware and Maryland and limited areas of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, West Virginia and Virginia.

And we’re talking about 75 mile-an-hour winds here; houses built along the coast are – or damned well should be! – built to withstand sustained winds of much higher intensity that are found in category 1 hurricanes.  Building houses  that are located on the seashore and not building them to withstand sustained winds of 100 MPH or greater should be – and would be in a Socialist United States – ILLEGAL.   Any house that can’t stand up to 75 mph winds shouldn’t be in existence anywhere within 200 miles of the ocean.

So, to wrap up:  If you live along the coast of New Jersey, Maryland, Delaware or northeastern Virginia, don’t go swimming in the ocean tonight!  And stop watching those asshats on the Weather Channel, who are just trying to scare you into watching their channel so they can sell some more soap and get an enormous pile of cash and a ratings boost out of this storm.

We’ll leave the final word on this phenomenon to the folks at Transparency Now, from the concluding paragraph of their excellent article on the phenomenon of media and government manipulation of mass psychology cited above:

“…[W]e live in a time in which the ability to create deceptive simulations, especially for television, has become essential to the exercise of power. And the inability to see through these deceptions has become a form of powerlessness. Those who let themselves be taken in by the multiple deceptions of politics, news, advertising and public relations, are doomed, like the more gullible members of the radio audience in 1938, to play a role in other people’s dramas, while mistakenly believing that they are reacting to something genuine.”

IWPCHI

Workers of the World, Unite!

Lake Breeze in Chicago Provides Little Relief as Lake Michigan Water Temps Hit Record Highs

In an interesting press release from the National Weather Service’s office in Chicago, it is related that one of the reasons why Chicago recently experienced its first 3-day period of 100-degree-plus temperatures – in spite of daily breezes coming off Lake Michigan – was due to the fact that the water temperature in Lake Michigan has reached 80 degrees F earlier in the year than ever before.

The press release states that in the 160 years or so of relatively continuous weather data recorded in the Chicago area, only six other times has the water temperature ever hit 80 degrees F in the southern part of the lake – and that usually doesn’t happen until later in the summer around August or September.

This image shows the radar echo of the lake breeze coming ashore on the afternoon of July 6, 2012:

Image

In this image, the thick blue line hugging the contours of the Lake Michigan shoreline from the Wisconsin border to northwest Indiana shows the cooler lake breeze after coming ashore around 2:30 PM local time (“18:27Z” or “Zulu” time – also known as “Greenwich Mean Time”, which in the summer is 6 hours ahead of Chicago local time).

Near the Wisconsin border in the upper right of the image you can see that although the lake breeze has passed beyond the recording station there, the air temperature has fallen to just 92F – a mere 8 degrees lower than the next temperature reading shown further south near the Cook County/Lake County border.  [The wind direction indicators have the temperature reading above the dewpoint readings to the left of the round circle – in this example: 92 degrees F and a dewpoint of 73 degrees F.  The numbers to the right are the azimuth readings for wind direction – in this case 127 degrees or from the southeast.  The number below that… uh… we’ll have to look that up…]

In northwest Indiana you can see another clear indication of this phenomenon.  Though the lake breeze has clearly passed the weather station, the temperature there is still at 99F – the same as the station located 10 miles south-southwest, which has not yet felt the lake breeze!

In addition to the raw temperature readings not being mitigated by the onshore breezes, the dewpoint readings, which add to the heat index readings as they rise, actually rose AFTER the lake breeze had passed, which made the felt temperature even worse than before the lake breeze passage!

What this means is that if Chicago was to experience a heat wave similar to the one we just experienced a week ago – which killed at least 18 mostly poor, working-class citizens  – we can not expect this large metropolis to gain much of its customary relief from winds coming off the lake.  The usual cooling effect of the lake has become negligible due to the unusually high temperatures we’ve experienced so far this summer.  This could lead to another inexcusable loss of life due to the brutalities of the capitalist system, under which poor people routinely have their electricity shut off in the summer due to their inability to pay off last winter’s heating bills.  This year, the capitalist press is expressing its joy that the untimely deaths of “only” 18 people so far have been attributed to “heat-related illness”.

While we mourn the deaths of 18 of our working-class brothers and sisters this week, we recall with horror the heat-related MURDERS of over 750 workers during a five-day heat wave back in 1995 – most of whom were elderly and/or poor working-class people who either had their air conditioning turned off because they couldn’t afford it, or who had no air conditioning in their homes at all (for the same reason) – or who had their electricity turned of by Commonwealth Edison for “non-payment”.  Thus capitalism murdered these folks just as surely as if the CEO of Commonwealth Edison had shot them to death personally.

Thanks to the fact that, as in 1995, we continue to live under the capitalist system – and to the fact that the economy now is much worse than it was in 1995- we have an even higher likelihood now of breaking that shameful record in 1995.  Undoubtedly, due to the present collapse of the capitalist system, there are even more people this year who have had their electricity shut off than in ’95.  And thanks to cuts in public transportation over the past 17 years, it is even harder now for elderly people to reach a “cooling center” than it was before.

Thanks to the fact that the working class of the United States, lacking any political leadership worthy of it,  has not advanced a foot politically since 1995, but has, in fact, slipped even further backward over the past 17 years, today the citizens of Chicago are even more nakedly exposed to the predations of the capitalist system as they were then.  Until such a revolutionary working-class leadership is built from the ashes of the “old left”, we can confidently predict that more sickening events which can only be described as the mass murder of 750 poor workers in Chicago in 1995 will continue to occur here in “the land of the free”.

IWPCHI

[Sources: National Weather Service “Lake Michigan Water Temperatures Reach Earliest 80 Degrees” and WBEZ-FM radio website.]